North Dakota soybean production field guide
This NDSU soybean production field guide (A1172) identifies iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) as the major soybean micronutrient problem in the state, especially in eastern North Dakota where high rainfall and surface calcium carbonate reduce iron availability; IDC in early vegetative stages can severely reduce yield. The primary management strategy is planting IDC-tolerant cultivars, selected using NDSU's annually updated soybean variety trial IDC ratings. For chemical correction, foliar iron sprays are described as ineffective; the most effective treatment is in-furrow, seed-placed ortho-ortho-EDDHA iron chelate applied with water at seeding, because this specific isomer can deliver iron to roots and then return to the soil solution to capture and redeliver additional iron throughout the season. Response is directly proportional to the percentage of ortho-ortho (versus ortho-para) EDDHA in the product, so product chemistry matters. A five-point IDC management strategy for fields with surface pH greater than 7 is given: (1) use field history/soil testing to avoid fields with high surface carbonates and soluble-salt EC above 2 mmohs/cm; (2) select high-IDC-tolerance cultivars from NDSU trial data; (3) seed a companion small-grain crop (oats, barley, or spring wheat) at planting, particularly when soil nitrate-N exceeds 80 lb N/acre; (4) apply a high-ortho-ortho-EDDHA iron fertilizer in-furrow at seeding at recommended rates; (5) where possible, choose herbicides with low soybean phytotoxicity, though weed control takes priority if weed pressure is high. The guide explicitly states that soybean deficiencies of zinc, manganese, boron, molybdenum, nickel, chloride, and copper have not been observed in North Dakota, and there is no need to apply any of these nutrients to North Dakota soybean fields. Soybean is also noted as highly sensitive to salt-affected soils, with cultivar salt tolerance roughly correlated to IDC tolerance.
soybean; iron deficiency chlorosis; IDC; ortho-ortho EDDHA; Fe chelate; in-furrow; companion crop; zinc; manganese; boron; molybdenum; North Dakota

